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(No- Model.) 8 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. P. M. WOOD 86 J. L. McMILLAN.

BOOK BINDING.

No. 392,938. Patented Nov. 13, 1888.

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(Nb Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. P. M. WOOD & J. L. McMILLAN.

BOOK BINDING.

No. 392,938. Patented N0 v. 13, 1888.

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PALMER M. WOOD, OF HERKIMER, AND JOHN L. .lloHlLLAN, OF ILION. NEW YORK.

BOOK-BINDING.

SPECIFICATION forming part; of Letters Patent No. 392.938. dated November 13, 1888.

Application filed April 8. 1887.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, PALMER MNVOOD and JOHN L. MoMrLLAN, of Herkimer and Ilion, respectively, in the county of Herkimer and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Book-Binding, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to the construction of record-books; and it consists in a novel means for securing the leaves in place, as hereinafter fully set forth and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of a book constructed in accordance with our invention; Fig. 2, a view of the same opened; Fig. 3, a sectional view showing the manner in which the leaves are secured; Fig. 4, a view of a portion of the back without the leaves; Fig. 5, a view showing the manner in which the book is finished off; Figs. 6 and 7, views illustrating the manner of cutting and folding the leaves; Fig. 8, a face view of the metallic strip employed, to which the leaves are attached; Fig. 9, a perspective view showing the manner of applying the strip; and Fig. 10, a perspective view of the book removed from the cover or holder.

It has long been desired to compile records in such manner as to render them more compact and legible than can be done by writing, and to accomplish this the type-writer and similar machines have been brought into use. Where these writing or printing machines have heretofore been employed for records the work has been done upon sheets or leaves of paper, which have remained unbound until the accumulation of a sufficient number for a complete volume, whereupon they have been bound together as in the ordinary method of binding books. Such plan is objectionable, for the reason that as the pages are printed they have to be placed loosely within a holder without any fastening device, and thus presented for inspection until the necessary number is printed for acomplete volume, theloose leaves being disarranged and greatly injured in handling. Temporary binders, the use of which has been tried for such loose leaves, have caused such injury of the leaves as to render them incapable of or unfit for permanent bindin Renewed October 4, 1888.

(No model.)

Our invention is designed to obviate these difficulties and to so construct the book that as soon as a small number of its leaves are printed upon they may be secured in the binder in such manner as to render further fasten ing, sewing, or binding unnecessary, while at the same time permitting them to be conveniently examined.

Our plan will be readily understood upon referring to the drawings, in which A A indicate the covers of the holder, and B the back. said parts being preferably made of pasteboard or similar material and flexibly connected with one another, as usual; but it will be noticed that the back is filled with a block, a, of wood or similar stiff material, to prevent the back from bending and keep the covers at the hinges at all times the same distance apart.

0 0 indicate flexible bands or straps extending from cover to cover, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, said straps being secured at their ends to said covers by means of screws or rivets b Z). which pass through the covers from the outside, througn the strips, and through metallic plates 0 on the inside of the covers. i/Vashers or nuts may be used instead of the plates, and rivets instead of the screws, though we prefer screws for one end at least.

D indicates the metallic strips used for attaching the leaves to the straps O 0. As shown in Figs. 5. .5, and 9, the strip is provided with a number of tabs or cars, d,which extend or project laterally from one edge of the strip, said tabs being provided with slots 0, through which the straps or bands 0 pass.

The strips D may be made of brass or copper, and will be made three five-hundredths gof an inch in thickness, and it will thus be seen that they add but little to the thickness of the back.

The covers a it may of course be attached to the back B by means of hinges or straps, if desired.

. The strips will ad visably be annealed where the straps C are passed through them, so that they will not break or crack with use, or metal of highly-ductile nature may be employed.

The sheets or' paper are folded through the middle, as shown in Figs. 2, 6, 7, and 8, and are provided along the folding-line with slits.

as at f, to receive the tabs or ears d of the strip D. In large books and where the paper is thick and heavy about five of these sheets will be secured in place by means of a single me- 5 tallie strip D, the tabs or ears d of the latter passing through all of the sheets, as shown in Figs. 2 and 8. Upon reference to Figs. 3, 5, and 9 it will be noticed that when the strip is thus applied to the paper the inner edge of lo the slots comes outside of or beyond the edge of the paper, so that the straps O O in passing through the slots will not touch the paper.

The plate 0 should be set into the cover so as to bring its upper face flush with the latter 1 and allow the covers to lie fiat upon the leaves of the book. When the requisite number of pages is written upon and the straps 0 passed through the strips D, the ends of the straps are attached by means of the screws or rivets b and the paper sheet on the inside face of the covers pasted down upon the plate, as illustrated in Fig. 5.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that we are enabled to bind the leaves as fast or nearly as fast as they are filled, and that they are thus protected from the first, Without the necessity of placing them in a temporary binder and subsequently removing them therefrom and applying the final binding. In

0 this way we avoid the injury attending the use of temporary binders and the trouble incident to change from one to another.

It might be found desirable to insert a strip of cloth or similar material between the strips 0 and the signatures, in order to prevent wear of the latter, though this is not essential.

We are aware that metallic strips provided with perforated ears have before been employed for binding, and to this we make-no broad claim.

We are aware that it has been proposed to bind signatures together by means of strips having perforated ears projecting through openings made in the fold of the signature and connected by flexible cords, and to such a plan we make no broad claim.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is In combination with the covers A A and back B, metallic strips D, provided with slotted tabs or cars at, flexible straps 0, extending from cover to cover, a plate, 0, on the inner face of each cover, and fastenings b, passing through the covers, strips, and plates, all substantially as shown.

In witness whereof we hereunto set our hands in the presence of two witnesses.

PALMER M. WOOD. JOHN L. MOMILLAN. 

